• Southern Chinese cuisine...
    Southern Chinese cuisine...
    0 Comments 0 Shares 183 Views 0
  • Avi Shlaim: ‘Three Worlds – Memoirs of an Arab – Jew’
    This beautiful, inspiring, elegiac book is the story of the author’s journey – a journey from Baghdad to Israel in 1950, aged five, and from Israel to England. But Avi Schlaim’s journey was at different levels. It was geographical and it was cultural. It also became a political journey to his own position today.

    His personal experiences illustrate a bigger story of the Jewish exodus from Iraq to Israel in 1950 following the creation of Israel in 1948. His story and his words speak more eloquently than any reviewer can, and so for the most part, I quote directly from his memoir.

    The book is “a glimpse into the lost and rich world of the Iraqi-Jewish community”. Perhaps, coming from what he describes as a prosperous, privileged family, he may see the past through rose-tinted glasses. But his memories are precious.

    “We belonged to a branch of the global Jewish community that is now almost extinct. We were Arab-Jews. We lived in Baghdad and were well integrated into Iraqi society. We spoke Arabic at home, our social customs were Arab, our lifestyle was Arab, our cuisine was exquisitely Middle Eastern and my parents’ music was an attractive blend of Arabic and Jewish…We in the Jewish community had much more in common, linguistically and culturally, with our Iraqi compatriots than with our European co-religionists.

    Of all the Jewish communities in the Ottoman Empire, the one in Mesopotamia was the most integrated into local society, the most Arabised in its culture and the most prosperous… When the British created the Kingdom of Iraq…the Jews were the backbone of the Iraqi economy”

    Jewish lineage in Mesopotamia stretched as far back as Babylonian times, pre-dating the rise of Islam by a millenium.

    “Their influence was evident in every branch of Iraqi culture, from literature and music to journalism and banking. Banks – with the exception of government owned banks – and all the big markets remained closed on the Sabbath and the other Jewish holy days.” By the 1880s there were 55 synagogues in Baghdad.

    He describes how in Iraq there was a long tradition of religious tolerance and harmony. “The Jews were neither newcomers nor aliens in Iraq. They were certainly not intruders”. By the time of the First World War, Jews constituted one third of the population of Baghdad.

    He contrasts Europe and the Middle East. “Unlike Europe the Middle East did not have a ‘Jewish Question’. “Iraq’s Jews did not live in ghettos, nor did they experience the violent repression, persecution and genocide that marred European history. There were of course exceptions, notably the infamous pogrom against Jews in June 1941, for which the actions of British imperialism must take substantial responsibility.

    By 1941, antisemitism in Baghdad was on the increase but was more a foreign import than a home grown product. There was a violent pogrom against the Jewish community named the farhud. The Jews were seen as friends of the British. 179 Jews were murdered and several hundred injured. It was completely unexpected and unprecedented. There had been no other attack against the Jews for centuries. Avi gives many examples of Muslims assisting their Jewish neighbours.

    And yet he writes: “The overall picture, however, was one of religious tolerance, cosmopolitanism, peaceful co-existence and fruitful interaction.”

    The critical moment was the creation of Israel. “As a result of the Arab defeat, there was a backlash against the Jews throughout the Arab world. “What had been a pillar of Iraqi society was increasingly perceived as a sinister fifth column”, with Islamic fundamentalists and Arab nationalists identifying the Jews in their countries with the hated Zionist enemy.

    Palestinians “were the main victims of the Zionist project. More than half their number became refugees and the name Palestine was wiped off the map. But there was another category of victims, less well known and much less talked about: the Jews of the Arab lands”.

    The sub-title of the book refers to ‘Arab-Jews’. “The hyphen is significant. Critics of the term Arab-Jew see it as… conflating two separate identities. As I see it, the hyphen unites: an Arab can also be a Jew and a Jew can also be an Arab…We are told that there is a clash of cultures, an unbridgeable gulf between Muslims and Jews… The story of my family in Iraq -and that of many forgotten families like mine – points to a dramatically different picture. It harks back to an era of a more pluralist Middle East with greater religious tolerance and a political culture of mutual respect and co-operation.”

    Yet the Zionists portray the Jews as the victims of endemic Arab persecution and this is used to justify the atrocious treatment of the Palestinians. Thus the narrative of the ‘Jewish Nakba’ to create a ‘false symmetry between the fate of two communities. This narrative is not history; it is the propaganda of the victors.”

    On 29th November 1947 the General Assembly of the United Nations voted for the partition of mandate Palestine into two states: one Arab, one Jewish. The General Council of the Iraqi Jewish community sent a telegram to the UN opposing the partition resolution and the creation of a Jewish state. “Like my family, the majority of Iraqi Jews saw themselves as Iraqi first and Jewish second; they feared that the creation of a Jewish state would undermine their position in Iraq… The distinction between Jews and Zionists, so crucial to interfaith harmony in the Arab world, was rapidly breaking down”.

    Iraq’s participation in the war for Palestine fuelled tensions between Muslims and Jews. Iraqi Jews were widely suspected of being secret supporters of Israel. With the defeat of Palestine a wave of hostility towards Israel and the Jews living in their midst swept through the Arab world. Demonstrators marched through the streets of Baghdad shouting “Death to the Jews.” And the government needing a scapegoat did not simply respond to public anger but actively whipped up public hysteria and suspicion against the Jews.

    At this point official persecution against the Jews began. In July 1948 a law was passed making Zionism a criminal offence punishable by death or a minimum sentence of seven years in prison. Jews were fired from government jobs and from the railways, post office and telegraph department, Jewish merchants were denied import and export licences, restrictions placed on Jewish banks to trade in foreign currency, young Jews were barred from admission to colleges of education and the entire community was put under surveillance.

    The number of Jewish immigrants leaving Iraq to the end of 1953 numbered almost 125,000 out of a total of 135,000. The Jewish presence going back well over 2,000 years was destroyed.

    And yet for all this the mass exodus did not occur till 1950/1951 in what was known as the ‘Big Aliyah”. The majority of Iraqi Jews did not want to leave Iraq and had no affinity with Zionism. Most who emigrated to Israel did so only after a wave of five bombings of Jewish targets in Baghdad. It has long been argued that the bombings were instigated by Israel and the Zionists to spark a mass flight of Iraqi Jews to Israel, needed as they were to do many of the menial jobs and to boost numbers in the army.

    The author makes a forensic examination of the evidence – based on examination of documents and on interviews – and concluded that three out of the five bombings were carried out by the Zionist underground in Baghdad, a fourth – the bombing of the Mas’uda Shemtob synagogue, which was the only one that resulted in fatalities – was the result of Zionist bribery and there was one carried out by a far right wing, anti-Jewish Iraqi nationalist group.

    When the Iraqi Jews arrived in Israel, their experience fell short of the Zionist myth. At the airport in Israel, many were sprayed with DDT pesticides “to disinfect them as if they were animals.” They were then taken to squalid and unsanitary transit camps. Some camps were surrounded by barbed wire and guarded by policemen. The immigration and settlement authorities had no understanding of their customs and culture. “They thought of them as backward and primitive and expected them to take their place at the bottom of the social hierarchy and be grateful for whatever they were given… The lens through which the new immigrants were viewed was the same colonialist lens through which the Ashkenazi establishment viewed the Palestinians.”

    “We were Jews from an Arab country that was still officially at war with Israel. European Jews.. looked down on us as socially and culturally inferior. They despised the Arabic language…I was an Iraqi boy in a land of Europeans.”

    For his grandmothers, Iraq was the beloved homeland while Israel was the place of exile. “Migration to Israel is usually described as Aliyah or ascent. For us the move from Iraq to Israel was decidedly a Yeridah, a descent down the economic and social ladder. Not only did we lose our property and possessions; we also our lost our strong sense of identity as proud Iraqi Jews as we were relegated to the margins of Israeli society.” The experience was to break his father.

    “The unstated aims of the official policy for schools were to undermine our Arab-Jewish identity… A systematic process was at work to delegitimise our heritage and erase our cultural roots” It was a clash of cultures. The Mizrahim were earmarked to be the proletariat – the fodder to support the country’s industrial and agricultural development. As one author put it, “We left Iraq as Jews and arrived in Israel as Iraqis.” They were clearly, to borrow from current jargon, “the wrong kind of Israeli”.

    His journey was a political one too. His message and his warnings are unequivocally universalist. “The Holocaust stands out as an archetype of a crime against humanity. For me as a Jew and an Israeli therefore the Holocaust teaches us to resist the dehumanising of any people, including the Palestinian ‘victims of victims’, because dehumanising a people can easily result, as it did in Europe in the 1940s, in crimes against humanity.”

    He had previously argued that it was only after the 1967 war that Israel became a colonial power, oppressing the Palestinians in the occupied territories. However, “a deeper analysis… led me to the conclusion that Israel had been created by a settler-colonial movement. The years 1948 and 1967 were merely milestones in the relentless systematic takeover of the whole of Palestine… Since Zionism was an avowedly settler-colonial movement from the outset, the building of civilian settlements on occupied land was only a new stage in the long march… The most crucial turning point was not the war of 1967 but the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948.”

    And more: “the two-state solution is dead or, to be more accurate, it was never born… The outcome I have come to favour is one democratic state… with equal rights for all its citizens regardless of ethnicity or religion.” He is absolutely right in my view.

    His family’s story “serves as a corrective to the Zionist narrative which views Arabs and Jews as congenitally incapable of dwelling together in peace and doomed to permanent conflict and discord… My experience as a young boy and that of the whole Jewish community in Iraq, suggests there is nothing inevitable or pre-ordained about Arab-Jewish antagonism… Remembering the past can help us to envisage a better future… Arab-Jewish co-existence is not something that my family imagined in our minds; we experienced it, we touched it.”

    Optimistic? Yes, perhaps over-optimistic. But towards the end of this masterpiece, Avi Schlaim justifies his message. “Recalling the era of cosmopolitanism and co-existence that some Jews, like my family, enjoyed in Arab countries before 1948 offers a glimmer of hope… It’s the best model we have for a better future.”


    https://www.jewishvoiceforlabour.org.uk/article/avi-shlaim-three-worlds-memoirs-of-an-arab-jew/
    Avi Shlaim: ‘Three Worlds – Memoirs of an Arab – Jew’ This beautiful, inspiring, elegiac book is the story of the author’s journey – a journey from Baghdad to Israel in 1950, aged five, and from Israel to England. But Avi Schlaim’s journey was at different levels. It was geographical and it was cultural. It also became a political journey to his own position today. His personal experiences illustrate a bigger story of the Jewish exodus from Iraq to Israel in 1950 following the creation of Israel in 1948. His story and his words speak more eloquently than any reviewer can, and so for the most part, I quote directly from his memoir. The book is “a glimpse into the lost and rich world of the Iraqi-Jewish community”. Perhaps, coming from what he describes as a prosperous, privileged family, he may see the past through rose-tinted glasses. But his memories are precious. “We belonged to a branch of the global Jewish community that is now almost extinct. We were Arab-Jews. We lived in Baghdad and were well integrated into Iraqi society. We spoke Arabic at home, our social customs were Arab, our lifestyle was Arab, our cuisine was exquisitely Middle Eastern and my parents’ music was an attractive blend of Arabic and Jewish…We in the Jewish community had much more in common, linguistically and culturally, with our Iraqi compatriots than with our European co-religionists. Of all the Jewish communities in the Ottoman Empire, the one in Mesopotamia was the most integrated into local society, the most Arabised in its culture and the most prosperous… When the British created the Kingdom of Iraq…the Jews were the backbone of the Iraqi economy” Jewish lineage in Mesopotamia stretched as far back as Babylonian times, pre-dating the rise of Islam by a millenium. “Their influence was evident in every branch of Iraqi culture, from literature and music to journalism and banking. Banks – with the exception of government owned banks – and all the big markets remained closed on the Sabbath and the other Jewish holy days.” By the 1880s there were 55 synagogues in Baghdad. He describes how in Iraq there was a long tradition of religious tolerance and harmony. “The Jews were neither newcomers nor aliens in Iraq. They were certainly not intruders”. By the time of the First World War, Jews constituted one third of the population of Baghdad. He contrasts Europe and the Middle East. “Unlike Europe the Middle East did not have a ‘Jewish Question’. “Iraq’s Jews did not live in ghettos, nor did they experience the violent repression, persecution and genocide that marred European history. There were of course exceptions, notably the infamous pogrom against Jews in June 1941, for which the actions of British imperialism must take substantial responsibility. By 1941, antisemitism in Baghdad was on the increase but was more a foreign import than a home grown product. There was a violent pogrom against the Jewish community named the farhud. The Jews were seen as friends of the British. 179 Jews were murdered and several hundred injured. It was completely unexpected and unprecedented. There had been no other attack against the Jews for centuries. Avi gives many examples of Muslims assisting their Jewish neighbours. And yet he writes: “The overall picture, however, was one of religious tolerance, cosmopolitanism, peaceful co-existence and fruitful interaction.” The critical moment was the creation of Israel. “As a result of the Arab defeat, there was a backlash against the Jews throughout the Arab world. “What had been a pillar of Iraqi society was increasingly perceived as a sinister fifth column”, with Islamic fundamentalists and Arab nationalists identifying the Jews in their countries with the hated Zionist enemy. Palestinians “were the main victims of the Zionist project. More than half their number became refugees and the name Palestine was wiped off the map. But there was another category of victims, less well known and much less talked about: the Jews of the Arab lands”. The sub-title of the book refers to ‘Arab-Jews’. “The hyphen is significant. Critics of the term Arab-Jew see it as… conflating two separate identities. As I see it, the hyphen unites: an Arab can also be a Jew and a Jew can also be an Arab…We are told that there is a clash of cultures, an unbridgeable gulf between Muslims and Jews… The story of my family in Iraq -and that of many forgotten families like mine – points to a dramatically different picture. It harks back to an era of a more pluralist Middle East with greater religious tolerance and a political culture of mutual respect and co-operation.” Yet the Zionists portray the Jews as the victims of endemic Arab persecution and this is used to justify the atrocious treatment of the Palestinians. Thus the narrative of the ‘Jewish Nakba’ to create a ‘false symmetry between the fate of two communities. This narrative is not history; it is the propaganda of the victors.” On 29th November 1947 the General Assembly of the United Nations voted for the partition of mandate Palestine into two states: one Arab, one Jewish. The General Council of the Iraqi Jewish community sent a telegram to the UN opposing the partition resolution and the creation of a Jewish state. “Like my family, the majority of Iraqi Jews saw themselves as Iraqi first and Jewish second; they feared that the creation of a Jewish state would undermine their position in Iraq… The distinction between Jews and Zionists, so crucial to interfaith harmony in the Arab world, was rapidly breaking down”. Iraq’s participation in the war for Palestine fuelled tensions between Muslims and Jews. Iraqi Jews were widely suspected of being secret supporters of Israel. With the defeat of Palestine a wave of hostility towards Israel and the Jews living in their midst swept through the Arab world. Demonstrators marched through the streets of Baghdad shouting “Death to the Jews.” And the government needing a scapegoat did not simply respond to public anger but actively whipped up public hysteria and suspicion against the Jews. At this point official persecution against the Jews began. In July 1948 a law was passed making Zionism a criminal offence punishable by death or a minimum sentence of seven years in prison. Jews were fired from government jobs and from the railways, post office and telegraph department, Jewish merchants were denied import and export licences, restrictions placed on Jewish banks to trade in foreign currency, young Jews were barred from admission to colleges of education and the entire community was put under surveillance. The number of Jewish immigrants leaving Iraq to the end of 1953 numbered almost 125,000 out of a total of 135,000. The Jewish presence going back well over 2,000 years was destroyed. And yet for all this the mass exodus did not occur till 1950/1951 in what was known as the ‘Big Aliyah”. The majority of Iraqi Jews did not want to leave Iraq and had no affinity with Zionism. Most who emigrated to Israel did so only after a wave of five bombings of Jewish targets in Baghdad. It has long been argued that the bombings were instigated by Israel and the Zionists to spark a mass flight of Iraqi Jews to Israel, needed as they were to do many of the menial jobs and to boost numbers in the army. The author makes a forensic examination of the evidence – based on examination of documents and on interviews – and concluded that three out of the five bombings were carried out by the Zionist underground in Baghdad, a fourth – the bombing of the Mas’uda Shemtob synagogue, which was the only one that resulted in fatalities – was the result of Zionist bribery and there was one carried out by a far right wing, anti-Jewish Iraqi nationalist group. When the Iraqi Jews arrived in Israel, their experience fell short of the Zionist myth. At the airport in Israel, many were sprayed with DDT pesticides “to disinfect them as if they were animals.” They were then taken to squalid and unsanitary transit camps. Some camps were surrounded by barbed wire and guarded by policemen. The immigration and settlement authorities had no understanding of their customs and culture. “They thought of them as backward and primitive and expected them to take their place at the bottom of the social hierarchy and be grateful for whatever they were given… The lens through which the new immigrants were viewed was the same colonialist lens through which the Ashkenazi establishment viewed the Palestinians.” “We were Jews from an Arab country that was still officially at war with Israel. European Jews.. looked down on us as socially and culturally inferior. They despised the Arabic language…I was an Iraqi boy in a land of Europeans.” For his grandmothers, Iraq was the beloved homeland while Israel was the place of exile. “Migration to Israel is usually described as Aliyah or ascent. For us the move from Iraq to Israel was decidedly a Yeridah, a descent down the economic and social ladder. Not only did we lose our property and possessions; we also our lost our strong sense of identity as proud Iraqi Jews as we were relegated to the margins of Israeli society.” The experience was to break his father. “The unstated aims of the official policy for schools were to undermine our Arab-Jewish identity… A systematic process was at work to delegitimise our heritage and erase our cultural roots” It was a clash of cultures. The Mizrahim were earmarked to be the proletariat – the fodder to support the country’s industrial and agricultural development. As one author put it, “We left Iraq as Jews and arrived in Israel as Iraqis.” They were clearly, to borrow from current jargon, “the wrong kind of Israeli”. His journey was a political one too. His message and his warnings are unequivocally universalist. “The Holocaust stands out as an archetype of a crime against humanity. For me as a Jew and an Israeli therefore the Holocaust teaches us to resist the dehumanising of any people, including the Palestinian ‘victims of victims’, because dehumanising a people can easily result, as it did in Europe in the 1940s, in crimes against humanity.” He had previously argued that it was only after the 1967 war that Israel became a colonial power, oppressing the Palestinians in the occupied territories. However, “a deeper analysis… led me to the conclusion that Israel had been created by a settler-colonial movement. The years 1948 and 1967 were merely milestones in the relentless systematic takeover of the whole of Palestine… Since Zionism was an avowedly settler-colonial movement from the outset, the building of civilian settlements on occupied land was only a new stage in the long march… The most crucial turning point was not the war of 1967 but the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948.” And more: “the two-state solution is dead or, to be more accurate, it was never born… The outcome I have come to favour is one democratic state… with equal rights for all its citizens regardless of ethnicity or religion.” He is absolutely right in my view. His family’s story “serves as a corrective to the Zionist narrative which views Arabs and Jews as congenitally incapable of dwelling together in peace and doomed to permanent conflict and discord… My experience as a young boy and that of the whole Jewish community in Iraq, suggests there is nothing inevitable or pre-ordained about Arab-Jewish antagonism… Remembering the past can help us to envisage a better future… Arab-Jewish co-existence is not something that my family imagined in our minds; we experienced it, we touched it.” Optimistic? Yes, perhaps over-optimistic. But towards the end of this masterpiece, Avi Schlaim justifies his message. “Recalling the era of cosmopolitanism and co-existence that some Jews, like my family, enjoyed in Arab countries before 1948 offers a glimmer of hope… It’s the best model we have for a better future.” https://www.jewishvoiceforlabour.org.uk/article/avi-shlaim-three-worlds-memoirs-of-an-arab-jew/
    1 Comments 0 Shares 14934 Views 0
  • Avi Shlaim: ‘Three Worlds – Memoirs of an Arab – Jew’
    This beautiful, inspiring, elegiac book is the story of the author’s journey – a journey from Baghdad to Israel in 1950, aged five, and from Israel to England. But Avi Schlaim’s journey was at different levels. It was geographical and it was cultural. It also became a political journey to his own position today.

    His personal experiences illustrate a bigger story of the Jewish exodus from Iraq to Israel in 1950 following the creation of Israel in 1948. His story and his words speak more eloquently than any reviewer can, and so for the most part, I quote directly from his memoir.

    The book is “a glimpse into the lost and rich world of the Iraqi-Jewish community”. Perhaps, coming from what he describes as a prosperous, privileged family, he may see the past through rose-tinted glasses. But his memories are precious.

    “We belonged to a branch of the global Jewish community that is now almost extinct. We were Arab-Jews. We lived in Baghdad and were well integrated into Iraqi society. We spoke Arabic at home, our social customs were Arab, our lifestyle was Arab, our cuisine was exquisitely Middle Eastern and my parents’ music was an attractive blend of Arabic and Jewish…We in the Jewish community had much more in common, linguistically and culturally, with our Iraqi compatriots than with our European co-religionists.

    Of all the Jewish communities in the Ottoman Empire, the one in Mesopotamia was the most integrated into local society, the most Arabised in its culture and the most prosperous… When the British created the Kingdom of Iraq…the Jews were the backbone of the Iraqi economy”

    Jewish lineage in Mesopotamia stretched as far back as Babylonian times, pre-dating the rise of Islam by a millenium.

    “Their influence was evident in every branch of Iraqi culture, from literature and music to journalism and banking. Banks – with the exception of government owned banks – and all the big markets remained closed on the Sabbath and the other Jewish holy days.” By the 1880s there were 55 synagogues in Baghdad.

    He describes how in Iraq there was a long tradition of religious tolerance and harmony. “The Jews were neither newcomers nor aliens in Iraq. They were certainly not intruders”. By the time of the First World War, Jews constituted one third of the population of Baghdad.

    He contrasts Europe and the Middle East. “Unlike Europe the Middle East did not have a ‘Jewish Question’. “Iraq’s Jews did not live in ghettos, nor did they experience the violent repression, persecution and genocide that marred European history. There were of course exceptions, notably the infamous pogrom against Jews in June 1941, for which the actions of British imperialism must take substantial responsibility.

    By 1941, antisemitism in Baghdad was on the increase but was more a foreign import than a home grown product. There was a violent pogrom against the Jewish community named the farhud. The Jews were seen as friends of the British. 179 Jews were murdered and several hundred injured. It was completely unexpected and unprecedented. There had been no other attack against the Jews for centuries. Avi gives many examples of Muslims assisting their Jewish neighbours.

    And yet he writes: “The overall picture, however, was one of religious tolerance, cosmopolitanism, peaceful co-existence and fruitful interaction.”

    The critical moment was the creation of Israel. “As a result of the Arab defeat, there was a backlash against the Jews throughout the Arab world. “What had been a pillar of Iraqi society was increasingly perceived as a sinister fifth column”, with Islamic fundamentalists and Arab nationalists identifying the Jews in their countries with the hated Zionist enemy.

    Palestinians “were the main victims of the Zionist project. More than half their number became refugees and the name Palestine was wiped off the map. But there was another category of victims, less well known and much less talked about: the Jews of the Arab lands”.

    The sub-title of the book refers to ‘Arab-Jews’. “The hyphen is significant. Critics of the term Arab-Jew see it as… conflating two separate identities. As I see it, the hyphen unites: an Arab can also be a Jew and a Jew can also be an Arab…We are told that there is a clash of cultures, an unbridgeable gulf between Muslims and Jews… The story of my family in Iraq -and that of many forgotten families like mine – points to a dramatically different picture. It harks back to an era of a more pluralist Middle East with greater religious tolerance and a political culture of mutual respect and co-operation.”

    Yet the Zionists portray the Jews as the victims of endemic Arab persecution and this is used to justify the atrocious treatment of the Palestinians. Thus the narrative of the ‘Jewish Nakba’ to create a ‘false symmetry between the fate of two communities. This narrative is not history; it is the propaganda of the victors.”

    On 29th November 1947 the General Assembly of the United Nations voted for the partition of mandate Palestine into two states: one Arab, one Jewish. The General Council of the Iraqi Jewish community sent a telegram to the UN opposing the partition resolution and the creation of a Jewish state. “Like my family, the majority of Iraqi Jews saw themselves as Iraqi first and Jewish second; they feared that the creation of a Jewish state would undermine their position in Iraq… The distinction between Jews and Zionists, so crucial to interfaith harmony in the Arab world, was rapidly breaking down”.

    Iraq’s participation in the war for Palestine fuelled tensions between Muslims and Jews. Iraqi Jews were widely suspected of being secret supporters of Israel. With the defeat of Palestine a wave of hostility towards Israel and the Jews living in their midst swept through the Arab world. Demonstrators marched through the streets of Baghdad shouting “Death to the Jews.” And the government needing a scapegoat did not simply respond to public anger but actively whipped up public hysteria and suspicion against the Jews.

    At this point official persecution against the Jews began. In July 1948 a law was passed making Zionism a criminal offence punishable by death or a minimum sentence of seven years in prison. Jews were fired from government jobs and from the railways, post office and telegraph department, Jewish merchants were denied import and export licences, restrictions placed on Jewish banks to trade in foreign currency, young Jews were barred from admission to colleges of education and the entire community was put under surveillance.

    The number of Jewish immigrants leaving Iraq to the end of 1953 numbered almost 125,000 out of a total of 135,000. The Jewish presence going back well over 2,000 years was destroyed.

    And yet for all this the mass exodus did not occur till 1950/1951 in what was known as the ‘Big Aliyah”. The majority of Iraqi Jews did not want to leave Iraq and had no affinity with Zionism. Most who emigrated to Israel did so only after a wave of five bombings of Jewish targets in Baghdad. It has long been argued that the bombings were instigated by Israel and the Zionists to spark a mass flight of Iraqi Jews to Israel, needed as they were to do many of the menial jobs and to boost numbers in the army.

    The author makes a forensic examination of the evidence – based on examination of documents and on interviews – and concluded that three out of the five bombings were carried out by the Zionist underground in Baghdad, a fourth – the bombing of the Mas’uda Shemtob synagogue, which was the only one that resulted in fatalities – was the result of Zionist bribery and there was one carried out by a far right wing, anti-Jewish Iraqi nationalist group.

    When the Iraqi Jews arrived in Israel, their experience fell short of the Zionist myth. At the airport in Israel, many were sprayed with DDT pesticides “to disinfect them as if they were animals.” They were then taken to squalid and unsanitary transit camps. Some camps were surrounded by barbed wire and guarded by policemen. The immigration and settlement authorities had no understanding of their customs and culture. “They thought of them as backward and primitive and expected them to take their place at the bottom of the social hierarchy and be grateful for whatever they were given… The lens through which the new immigrants were viewed was the same colonialist lens through which the Ashkenazi establishment viewed the Palestinians.”

    “We were Jews from an Arab country that was still officially at war with Israel. European Jews.. looked down on us as socially and culturally inferior. They despised the Arabic language…I was an Iraqi boy in a land of Europeans.”

    For his grandmothers, Iraq was the beloved homeland while Israel was the place of exile. “Migration to Israel is usually described as Aliyah or ascent. For us the move from Iraq to Israel was decidedly a Yeridah, a descent down the economic and social ladder. Not only did we lose our property and possessions; we also our lost our strong sense of identity as proud Iraqi Jews as we were relegated to the margins of Israeli society.” The experience was to break his father.

    “The unstated aims of the official policy for schools were to undermine our Arab-Jewish identity… A systematic process was at work to delegitimise our heritage and erase our cultural roots” It was a clash of cultures. The Mizrahim were earmarked to be the proletariat – the fodder to support the country’s industrial and agricultural development. As one author put it, “We left Iraq as Jews and arrived in Israel as Iraqis.” They were clearly, to borrow from current jargon, “the wrong kind of Israeli”.

    His journey was a political one too. His message and his warnings are unequivocally universalist. “The Holocaust stands out as an archetype of a crime against humanity. For me as a Jew and an Israeli therefore the Holocaust teaches us to resist the dehumanising of any people, including the Palestinian ‘victims of victims’, because dehumanising a people can easily result, as it did in Europe in the 1940s, in crimes against humanity.”

    He had previously argued that it was only after the 1967 war that Israel became a colonial power, oppressing the Palestinians in the occupied territories. However, “a deeper analysis… led me to the conclusion that Israel had been created by a settler-colonial movement. The years 1948 and 1967 were merely milestones in the relentless systematic takeover of the whole of Palestine… Since Zionism was an avowedly settler-colonial movement from the outset, the building of civilian settlements on occupied land was only a new stage in the long march… The most crucial turning point was not the war of 1967 but the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948.”

    And more: “the two-state solution is dead or, to be more accurate, it was never born… The outcome I have come to favour is one democratic state… with equal rights for all its citizens regardless of ethnicity or religion.” He is absolutely right in my view.

    His family’s story “serves as a corrective to the Zionist narrative which views Arabs and Jews as congenitally incapable of dwelling together in peace and doomed to permanent conflict and discord… My experience as a young boy and that of the whole Jewish community in Iraq, suggests there is nothing inevitable or pre-ordained about Arab-Jewish antagonism… Remembering the past can help us to envisage a better future… Arab-Jewish co-existence is not something that my family imagined in our minds; we experienced it, we touched it.”

    Optimistic? Yes, perhaps over-optimistic. But towards the end of this masterpiece, Avi Schlaim justifies his message. “Recalling the era of cosmopolitanism and co-existence that some Jews, like my family, enjoyed in Arab countries before 1948 offers a glimmer of hope… It’s the best model we have for a better future.”


    https://www.jewishvoiceforlabour.org.uk/article/avi-shlaim-three-worlds-memoirs-of-an-arab-jew/
    Avi Shlaim: ‘Three Worlds – Memoirs of an Arab – Jew’ This beautiful, inspiring, elegiac book is the story of the author’s journey – a journey from Baghdad to Israel in 1950, aged five, and from Israel to England. But Avi Schlaim’s journey was at different levels. It was geographical and it was cultural. It also became a political journey to his own position today. His personal experiences illustrate a bigger story of the Jewish exodus from Iraq to Israel in 1950 following the creation of Israel in 1948. His story and his words speak more eloquently than any reviewer can, and so for the most part, I quote directly from his memoir. The book is “a glimpse into the lost and rich world of the Iraqi-Jewish community”. Perhaps, coming from what he describes as a prosperous, privileged family, he may see the past through rose-tinted glasses. But his memories are precious. “We belonged to a branch of the global Jewish community that is now almost extinct. We were Arab-Jews. We lived in Baghdad and were well integrated into Iraqi society. We spoke Arabic at home, our social customs were Arab, our lifestyle was Arab, our cuisine was exquisitely Middle Eastern and my parents’ music was an attractive blend of Arabic and Jewish…We in the Jewish community had much more in common, linguistically and culturally, with our Iraqi compatriots than with our European co-religionists. Of all the Jewish communities in the Ottoman Empire, the one in Mesopotamia was the most integrated into local society, the most Arabised in its culture and the most prosperous… When the British created the Kingdom of Iraq…the Jews were the backbone of the Iraqi economy” Jewish lineage in Mesopotamia stretched as far back as Babylonian times, pre-dating the rise of Islam by a millenium. “Their influence was evident in every branch of Iraqi culture, from literature and music to journalism and banking. Banks – with the exception of government owned banks – and all the big markets remained closed on the Sabbath and the other Jewish holy days.” By the 1880s there were 55 synagogues in Baghdad. He describes how in Iraq there was a long tradition of religious tolerance and harmony. “The Jews were neither newcomers nor aliens in Iraq. They were certainly not intruders”. By the time of the First World War, Jews constituted one third of the population of Baghdad. He contrasts Europe and the Middle East. “Unlike Europe the Middle East did not have a ‘Jewish Question’. “Iraq’s Jews did not live in ghettos, nor did they experience the violent repression, persecution and genocide that marred European history. There were of course exceptions, notably the infamous pogrom against Jews in June 1941, for which the actions of British imperialism must take substantial responsibility. By 1941, antisemitism in Baghdad was on the increase but was more a foreign import than a home grown product. There was a violent pogrom against the Jewish community named the farhud. The Jews were seen as friends of the British. 179 Jews were murdered and several hundred injured. It was completely unexpected and unprecedented. There had been no other attack against the Jews for centuries. Avi gives many examples of Muslims assisting their Jewish neighbours. And yet he writes: “The overall picture, however, was one of religious tolerance, cosmopolitanism, peaceful co-existence and fruitful interaction.” The critical moment was the creation of Israel. “As a result of the Arab defeat, there was a backlash against the Jews throughout the Arab world. “What had been a pillar of Iraqi society was increasingly perceived as a sinister fifth column”, with Islamic fundamentalists and Arab nationalists identifying the Jews in their countries with the hated Zionist enemy. Palestinians “were the main victims of the Zionist project. More than half their number became refugees and the name Palestine was wiped off the map. But there was another category of victims, less well known and much less talked about: the Jews of the Arab lands”. The sub-title of the book refers to ‘Arab-Jews’. “The hyphen is significant. Critics of the term Arab-Jew see it as… conflating two separate identities. As I see it, the hyphen unites: an Arab can also be a Jew and a Jew can also be an Arab…We are told that there is a clash of cultures, an unbridgeable gulf between Muslims and Jews… The story of my family in Iraq -and that of many forgotten families like mine – points to a dramatically different picture. It harks back to an era of a more pluralist Middle East with greater religious tolerance and a political culture of mutual respect and co-operation.” Yet the Zionists portray the Jews as the victims of endemic Arab persecution and this is used to justify the atrocious treatment of the Palestinians. Thus the narrative of the ‘Jewish Nakba’ to create a ‘false symmetry between the fate of two communities. This narrative is not history; it is the propaganda of the victors.” On 29th November 1947 the General Assembly of the United Nations voted for the partition of mandate Palestine into two states: one Arab, one Jewish. The General Council of the Iraqi Jewish community sent a telegram to the UN opposing the partition resolution and the creation of a Jewish state. “Like my family, the majority of Iraqi Jews saw themselves as Iraqi first and Jewish second; they feared that the creation of a Jewish state would undermine their position in Iraq… The distinction between Jews and Zionists, so crucial to interfaith harmony in the Arab world, was rapidly breaking down”. Iraq’s participation in the war for Palestine fuelled tensions between Muslims and Jews. Iraqi Jews were widely suspected of being secret supporters of Israel. With the defeat of Palestine a wave of hostility towards Israel and the Jews living in their midst swept through the Arab world. Demonstrators marched through the streets of Baghdad shouting “Death to the Jews.” And the government needing a scapegoat did not simply respond to public anger but actively whipped up public hysteria and suspicion against the Jews. At this point official persecution against the Jews began. In July 1948 a law was passed making Zionism a criminal offence punishable by death or a minimum sentence of seven years in prison. Jews were fired from government jobs and from the railways, post office and telegraph department, Jewish merchants were denied import and export licences, restrictions placed on Jewish banks to trade in foreign currency, young Jews were barred from admission to colleges of education and the entire community was put under surveillance. The number of Jewish immigrants leaving Iraq to the end of 1953 numbered almost 125,000 out of a total of 135,000. The Jewish presence going back well over 2,000 years was destroyed. And yet for all this the mass exodus did not occur till 1950/1951 in what was known as the ‘Big Aliyah”. The majority of Iraqi Jews did not want to leave Iraq and had no affinity with Zionism. Most who emigrated to Israel did so only after a wave of five bombings of Jewish targets in Baghdad. It has long been argued that the bombings were instigated by Israel and the Zionists to spark a mass flight of Iraqi Jews to Israel, needed as they were to do many of the menial jobs and to boost numbers in the army. The author makes a forensic examination of the evidence – based on examination of documents and on interviews – and concluded that three out of the five bombings were carried out by the Zionist underground in Baghdad, a fourth – the bombing of the Mas’uda Shemtob synagogue, which was the only one that resulted in fatalities – was the result of Zionist bribery and there was one carried out by a far right wing, anti-Jewish Iraqi nationalist group. When the Iraqi Jews arrived in Israel, their experience fell short of the Zionist myth. At the airport in Israel, many were sprayed with DDT pesticides “to disinfect them as if they were animals.” They were then taken to squalid and unsanitary transit camps. Some camps were surrounded by barbed wire and guarded by policemen. The immigration and settlement authorities had no understanding of their customs and culture. “They thought of them as backward and primitive and expected them to take their place at the bottom of the social hierarchy and be grateful for whatever they were given… The lens through which the new immigrants were viewed was the same colonialist lens through which the Ashkenazi establishment viewed the Palestinians.” “We were Jews from an Arab country that was still officially at war with Israel. European Jews.. looked down on us as socially and culturally inferior. They despised the Arabic language…I was an Iraqi boy in a land of Europeans.” For his grandmothers, Iraq was the beloved homeland while Israel was the place of exile. “Migration to Israel is usually described as Aliyah or ascent. For us the move from Iraq to Israel was decidedly a Yeridah, a descent down the economic and social ladder. Not only did we lose our property and possessions; we also our lost our strong sense of identity as proud Iraqi Jews as we were relegated to the margins of Israeli society.” The experience was to break his father. “The unstated aims of the official policy for schools were to undermine our Arab-Jewish identity… A systematic process was at work to delegitimise our heritage and erase our cultural roots” It was a clash of cultures. The Mizrahim were earmarked to be the proletariat – the fodder to support the country’s industrial and agricultural development. As one author put it, “We left Iraq as Jews and arrived in Israel as Iraqis.” They were clearly, to borrow from current jargon, “the wrong kind of Israeli”. His journey was a political one too. His message and his warnings are unequivocally universalist. “The Holocaust stands out as an archetype of a crime against humanity. For me as a Jew and an Israeli therefore the Holocaust teaches us to resist the dehumanising of any people, including the Palestinian ‘victims of victims’, because dehumanising a people can easily result, as it did in Europe in the 1940s, in crimes against humanity.” He had previously argued that it was only after the 1967 war that Israel became a colonial power, oppressing the Palestinians in the occupied territories. However, “a deeper analysis… led me to the conclusion that Israel had been created by a settler-colonial movement. The years 1948 and 1967 were merely milestones in the relentless systematic takeover of the whole of Palestine… Since Zionism was an avowedly settler-colonial movement from the outset, the building of civilian settlements on occupied land was only a new stage in the long march… The most crucial turning point was not the war of 1967 but the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948.” And more: “the two-state solution is dead or, to be more accurate, it was never born… The outcome I have come to favour is one democratic state… with equal rights for all its citizens regardless of ethnicity or religion.” He is absolutely right in my view. His family’s story “serves as a corrective to the Zionist narrative which views Arabs and Jews as congenitally incapable of dwelling together in peace and doomed to permanent conflict and discord… My experience as a young boy and that of the whole Jewish community in Iraq, suggests there is nothing inevitable or pre-ordained about Arab-Jewish antagonism… Remembering the past can help us to envisage a better future… Arab-Jewish co-existence is not something that my family imagined in our minds; we experienced it, we touched it.” Optimistic? Yes, perhaps over-optimistic. But towards the end of this masterpiece, Avi Schlaim justifies his message. “Recalling the era of cosmopolitanism and co-existence that some Jews, like my family, enjoyed in Arab countries before 1948 offers a glimmer of hope… It’s the best model we have for a better future.” https://www.jewishvoiceforlabour.org.uk/article/avi-shlaim-three-worlds-memoirs-of-an-arab-jew/
    WWW.JEWISHVOICEFORLABOUR.ORG.UK
    Avi Shlaim: ‘Three Worlds – Memoirs of an Arab – Jew’
    Graham Bash reviews this groundbreaking personal and political memoir by Avi Shlaim in which he laments the lost world of…
    1 Comments 0 Shares 14087 Views
  • Understanding the Effects on Your Body When You Consume Turmeric-Infused Lemon Water Daily, Backed by Science
    8 March 2024 grandmaremedy.net
    Understanding the Effects on Your Body When You Consume Turmeric-Infused Lemon Water Daily, Backed by Science
    Ensuring proper hydration is essential for the optimal functioning of the body. By incorporating lemon and turmeric into your water, you can significantly enhance the benefits of regular water consumption.

    While individual water needs may vary based on climate and activity levels, a general guideline is to consume 8 ounces of water eight times a day or about half a gallon.

    Turmeric, a powerful antioxidant, is widely used in Ayurveda for its ability to combat cancer-causing free radicals. It serves as an antiseptic, natural anti-inflammatory, and is a staple in Indian cuisine, offering a distinctive and appealing flavor.

    Known for its antiviral, antibacterial, and anticancer properties, turmeric has been used to address various conditions, including skin issues, digestive problems, diabetes, high cholesterol, and even neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s and dementia.

    On the other hand, lemons are a nutritional powerhouse, rich in vitamin C, soluble fiber, potassium, and an array of other beneficial nutrients. They contribute to heart health, skin improvement, weight loss, and enhanced cognitive function. The citric acid content aids digestion, while vitamin C supports the immune system.

    To harness the combined benefits of turmeric and lemons, simply add a teaspoon of turmeric and the juice from half a lemon to an 8-ounce glass of water. Enjoy this refreshing beverage throughout the day. For added flavor, consider incorporating honey or mint.

    This simple yet potent concoction can positively impact your overall health and well-being.

    https://grandmaremedy.net/understanding-the-effects-on-your-body-when-you-consume-turmeric-infused-lemon-water-daily-backed-by-science/
    Understanding the Effects on Your Body When You Consume Turmeric-Infused Lemon Water Daily, Backed by Science 8 March 2024 grandmaremedy.net Understanding the Effects on Your Body When You Consume Turmeric-Infused Lemon Water Daily, Backed by Science Ensuring proper hydration is essential for the optimal functioning of the body. By incorporating lemon and turmeric into your water, you can significantly enhance the benefits of regular water consumption. While individual water needs may vary based on climate and activity levels, a general guideline is to consume 8 ounces of water eight times a day or about half a gallon. Turmeric, a powerful antioxidant, is widely used in Ayurveda for its ability to combat cancer-causing free radicals. It serves as an antiseptic, natural anti-inflammatory, and is a staple in Indian cuisine, offering a distinctive and appealing flavor. Known for its antiviral, antibacterial, and anticancer properties, turmeric has been used to address various conditions, including skin issues, digestive problems, diabetes, high cholesterol, and even neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s and dementia. On the other hand, lemons are a nutritional powerhouse, rich in vitamin C, soluble fiber, potassium, and an array of other beneficial nutrients. They contribute to heart health, skin improvement, weight loss, and enhanced cognitive function. The citric acid content aids digestion, while vitamin C supports the immune system. To harness the combined benefits of turmeric and lemons, simply add a teaspoon of turmeric and the juice from half a lemon to an 8-ounce glass of water. Enjoy this refreshing beverage throughout the day. For added flavor, consider incorporating honey or mint. This simple yet potent concoction can positively impact your overall health and well-being. https://grandmaremedy.net/understanding-the-effects-on-your-body-when-you-consume-turmeric-infused-lemon-water-daily-backed-by-science/
    GRANDMAREMEDY.NET
    Understanding the Effects on Your Body When You Consume Turmeric-Infused Lemon Water Daily, Backed by Science
    Ensuring proper hydration is essential for the optimal functioning of the body. By incorporating lemon and turmeric into your water, you can significantly enhance the benefits of regular water consumption. While individual water needs may vary based on climate and activity levels, a general guideline is to consume 8 ounces of water eight times a
    0 Comments 0 Shares 2756 Views
  • I celebrated Pi Day with a $3.14 10-inch Super Roni Chicago Thin Crust Pizza & a 6-inch Deep Dish Cookie Sundae at Uno Pizzeria & Grill. #UnoPizzeria #SuperRoni #Pepperoni #ThinCrust #Pizza #Circle #PiDay2024 #PiDay #Pi #Mathematics #Cuisine
    I celebrated Pi Day with a $3.14 10-inch Super Roni Chicago Thin Crust Pizza & a 6-inch Deep Dish Cookie Sundae at Uno Pizzeria & Grill. #UnoPizzeria #SuperRoni #Pepperoni #ThinCrust #Pizza #Circle #PiDay2024 #PiDay #Pi #Mathematics #Cuisine
    1 Comments 0 Shares 1242 Views
  • Kerala tour package: Explore Beaches, Hills, and Spice Trails

    Start on an enchanting journey through the lush landscapes and cultural treasures of Kerala with our exclusive kerala tour package. Immerse yourself in the beauty of serene backwaters, explore vibrant spice plantations, and unwind on pristine beaches. Indulge in authentic local cuisine and witness traditional art forms. Discover the soul of God's Own Country with our meticulously crafted Kerala tour package – a perfect blend of nature, culture, and relaxation awaits you.

    https://ajaymodi.com/india/kerala-tour-packages/
    Kerala tour package: Explore Beaches, Hills, and Spice Trails Start on an enchanting journey through the lush landscapes and cultural treasures of Kerala with our exclusive kerala tour package. Immerse yourself in the beauty of serene backwaters, explore vibrant spice plantations, and unwind on pristine beaches. Indulge in authentic local cuisine and witness traditional art forms. Discover the soul of God's Own Country with our meticulously crafted Kerala tour package – a perfect blend of nature, culture, and relaxation awaits you. https://ajaymodi.com/india/kerala-tour-packages/
    AJAYMODI.COM
    Ajay Modi Travels | Honeymoon Tour Packages | Couple Tour Packages
    Discover amazing holidays to top destinations for 2022.Click here to find your dream holidays with Ajay Modi Travels. Book at best price Experience a hassle-free vacation with Ajay Modi Travel
    0 Comments 0 Shares 7990 Views
  • Unwind in Luxury: Discover the Top Resorts in Udaipur

    Experience unrivaled luxury and breathtaking views at the top resort in Udaipur. Immerse yourself in opulence, as every detail is meticulously crafted to elevate your stay. Indulge in world-class amenities, savor exquisite cuisine, and unwind in lavish accommodations surrounded by the majestic beauty of Udaipur. Whether you're seeking a romantic escape, a family retreat, or a business getaway, our top-rated resort promises an unforgettable blend of sophistication and serenity. Book your stay now for an enchanting experience in the heart of Udaipur's regal charm.

    https://www.kavishhotels.com/kavish-holiday-hill-resort-udaipur/
    Unwind in Luxury: Discover the Top Resorts in Udaipur Experience unrivaled luxury and breathtaking views at the top resort in Udaipur. Immerse yourself in opulence, as every detail is meticulously crafted to elevate your stay. Indulge in world-class amenities, savor exquisite cuisine, and unwind in lavish accommodations surrounded by the majestic beauty of Udaipur. Whether you're seeking a romantic escape, a family retreat, or a business getaway, our top-rated resort promises an unforgettable blend of sophistication and serenity. Book your stay now for an enchanting experience in the heart of Udaipur's regal charm. https://www.kavishhotels.com/kavish-holiday-hill-resort-udaipur/
    WWW.KAVISHHOTELS.COM
    Kavish Holiday Hill Resort Udaipur | Best 3 Star Resort in Udaipur
    At Kavish Holiday Hill Resort, we take pride in being recognized as one of the best resorts and hotels in Udaipur. Book now for the rich cultural tapestry of Udaipur.
    0 Comments 0 Shares 3963 Views
  • Viehättävä 2 makuuhuoneen asunto lähellä satamaa Fuengirolassa

    Tässä modernissa asunnossa lähellä satamaa on 2 makuuhuonetta ja 1 kylpyhuone.
    Tilavasta olohuoneesta, joka on lounaaseen päin pääsee suoraan miellyttävälle terassille.
    Asunnon varustukseen kuuluu ilmastointi ja WiFi tarjotakseen sinulle parhaan mahdollisen mukavuuden.
    Erillinen, moderni keittiö on varustettu kaikilla tarvikkeilla, mukaan lukien käytännöllinen pesuhuone, jossa on pesukone ja butaanikaasuvedenlämmitin.
    Päämakuuhuoneessa on parivuode ja pieni lasitettu terassi, joka on sopiva rentoutumiseen, viihtyisä ja valoisa.
    Kylpyhuoneessa on moderni suihkuallas.
    On myös toinen makuuhuone, jossa on yhden hengen vuode.

    Keskeisellä paikalla sijaitseva asunto on vain muutaman askeleen päässä kaupungin keskustasta ja kaikenlaisista kaupoista.
    Lisäksi ranta on vain muutaman minuutin päässä, joten voit nauttia auringosta ja merestä milloin tahansa

    https://www.bluehorse.es/fi/huoneisto-sijainti-fuengirola-centro-fuengirola-hissi-fi256743.html

    #VisitFuengirola
    #FuengirolaBeach
    #CostaDelSol
    #SpainTravel
    #SunAndSea
    #HolidayInSpain
    #DiscoverFuengirola
    #AndaluciaTourism
    #SpanishBeaches
    #TravelSpain
    #FuengirolaSunset
    #BeachLife
    #SpanishCuisine
    #FuengirolaAdventure
    #ParadiseInSpain
    Viehättävä 2 makuuhuoneen asunto lähellä satamaa Fuengirolassa Tässä modernissa asunnossa lähellä satamaa on 2 makuuhuonetta ja 1 kylpyhuone. Tilavasta olohuoneesta, joka on lounaaseen päin pääsee suoraan miellyttävälle terassille. Asunnon varustukseen kuuluu ilmastointi ja WiFi tarjotakseen sinulle parhaan mahdollisen mukavuuden. Erillinen, moderni keittiö on varustettu kaikilla tarvikkeilla, mukaan lukien käytännöllinen pesuhuone, jossa on pesukone ja butaanikaasuvedenlämmitin. Päämakuuhuoneessa on parivuode ja pieni lasitettu terassi, joka on sopiva rentoutumiseen, viihtyisä ja valoisa. Kylpyhuoneessa on moderni suihkuallas. On myös toinen makuuhuone, jossa on yhden hengen vuode. Keskeisellä paikalla sijaitseva asunto on vain muutaman askeleen päässä kaupungin keskustasta ja kaikenlaisista kaupoista. Lisäksi ranta on vain muutaman minuutin päässä, joten voit nauttia auringosta ja merestä milloin tahansa https://www.bluehorse.es/fi/huoneisto-sijainti-fuengirola-centro-fuengirola-hissi-fi256743.html #VisitFuengirola #FuengirolaBeach #CostaDelSol #SpainTravel #SunAndSea #HolidayInSpain #DiscoverFuengirola #AndaluciaTourism #SpanishBeaches #TravelSpain #FuengirolaSunset #BeachLife #SpanishCuisine #FuengirolaAdventure #ParadiseInSpain
    WWW.BLUEHORSE.ES
    Loma-asunnot Huoneisto sijainti...
    Tässä modernissa asunnossa lähellä satamaa on 2 makuuhuonetta ja 1 kylpyhuone. Tilavasta olohuoneesta, joka on lounaaseen päin pääsee suoraan miellyttävälle terassille. Asunnon varustukseen kuuluu ilmastointi ja WiFi tarjotakseen sinulle
    0 Comments 0 Shares 12787 Views
  • Explore the Enchanting Deserts of Rajasthan with our Exclusive Tour Packages!

    Discover the timeless beauty and rich cultural heritage of Rajasthan with our carefully crafted tour packages. From the majestic palaces of Jaipur to the golden sands of Jaisalmer, our tours offer an immersive experience of this vibrant state. Witness the colourful traditions, taste delectable cuisine, and stay in luxurious accommodations. Whether you're an adventurer or a history enthusiast, our Rajasthan tour packages cater to all. Book your Rajasthan adventure now and embark on a journey through the heart of India!

    Click here to check our Website: https://indtravels.com/

    Also don't forget to check out our Social media handles

    Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/IndTravels/
    Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/indtraveltours/
    Twitter: https://twitter.com/travels_ind
    Pinterest: https://in.pinterest.com/indtravels/
    Tripadvisor: https://www.tripadvisor.in/Attraction_Review-g304555-d19652073-Reviews-IND_Travel_and_Tours-Jaipur_Jaipur_District_Rajasthan.html
    Explore the Enchanting Deserts of Rajasthan with our Exclusive Tour Packages! Discover the timeless beauty and rich cultural heritage of Rajasthan with our carefully crafted tour packages. From the majestic palaces of Jaipur to the golden sands of Jaisalmer, our tours offer an immersive experience of this vibrant state. Witness the colourful traditions, taste delectable cuisine, and stay in luxurious accommodations. Whether you're an adventurer or a history enthusiast, our Rajasthan tour packages cater to all. Book your Rajasthan adventure now and embark on a journey through the heart of India! Click here to check our Website: https://indtravels.com/ Also don't forget to check out our Social media handles Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/IndTravels/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/indtraveltours/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/travels_ind Pinterest: https://in.pinterest.com/indtravels/ Tripadvisor: https://www.tripadvisor.in/Attraction_Review-g304555-d19652073-Reviews-IND_Travel_and_Tours-Jaipur_Jaipur_District_Rajasthan.html
    Home
    Popular Destinations Popular Destinations Best Value Trips Best Value Trips Why Choose Us Handpicked Hotels Hand Picked Hotels with a collection of located throughout tour World Class Service Ind works with groups in the travel industry to ensure you get world class tour services Best Price Guarantee Our Best Price Guarantee on International Flights ,
    0 Comments 0 Shares 3904 Views
  • International Tour Packages for Every Occasion

    Take advantage of our attractive international tour packages to explore the entire world! Enjoy delicious cuisine, take in stunning scenery, and engage yourself in a variety of cultures. Our carefully selected trips provide amazing experiences, ranging from famous sites to undiscovered treasures. Learn about easy travel, professional advice, and wonderful experiences. Plan your ideal foreign vacation right now.

    https://indtravels.com/
    International Tour Packages for Every Occasion Take advantage of our attractive international tour packages to explore the entire world! Enjoy delicious cuisine, take in stunning scenery, and engage yourself in a variety of cultures. Our carefully selected trips provide amazing experiences, ranging from famous sites to undiscovered treasures. Learn about easy travel, professional advice, and wonderful experiences. Plan your ideal foreign vacation right now. https://indtravels.com/
    Home
    Popular Destinations Popular Destinations Best Value Trips Best Value Trips Why Choose Us Handpicked Hotels Hand Picked Hotels with a collection of located throughout tour World Class Service Ind works with groups in the travel industry to ensure you get world class tour services Best Price Guarantee Our Best Price Guarantee on International Flights ,
    0 Comments 0 Shares 4993 Views
  • Kerala tour packages from Ahmedabad offer travelers an incredible opportunity to explore the natural wonders and cultural richness of this beautiful South Indian state. Departing from Ahmedabad, tourists can immerse themselves in Kerala's lush green landscapes, serene backwaters, and vibrant traditions. Whether it's a houseboat cruise through the enchanting backwaters of Alleppey, a visit to the picturesque hill stations of Munnar and Wayanad, or an exploration of historic sites like Fort Kochi and the temples of Trivandrum, Kerala has something to offer every traveler. These thoughtfully curated packages ensure that visitors from Ahmedabad can experience the warmth of Kerala's hospitality, savor its delectable cuisine, and create lasting memories in this tropical paradise.https://www.seasonzindia.com/tours/kerala-tour-packages-from-ahmedabad
    Kerala tour packages from Ahmedabad offer travelers an incredible opportunity to explore the natural wonders and cultural richness of this beautiful South Indian state. Departing from Ahmedabad, tourists can immerse themselves in Kerala's lush green landscapes, serene backwaters, and vibrant traditions. Whether it's a houseboat cruise through the enchanting backwaters of Alleppey, a visit to the picturesque hill stations of Munnar and Wayanad, or an exploration of historic sites like Fort Kochi and the temples of Trivandrum, Kerala has something to offer every traveler. These thoughtfully curated packages ensure that visitors from Ahmedabad can experience the warmth of Kerala's hospitality, savor its delectable cuisine, and create lasting memories in this tropical paradise.https://www.seasonzindia.com/tours/kerala-tour-packages-from-ahmedabad
    WWW.SEASONZINDIA.COM
    Kerala Tour Packages from Ahmedabad
    Cherai 1 nights | Munnar 2 Nights | Thekkady 1 Night | Houseboat 1 Night Starting from ₹19,300/-
    Like
    1
    0 Comments 0 Shares 6844 Views
  • Kerala honeymoon packages from Bangalore offer newlyweds a perfect blend of romance and natural beauty. Departing from the bustling city of Bangalore, these packages whisk couples away to the serene backwaters, misty hill stations, and pristine beaches of Kerala. From cruising in traditional houseboats on the backwaters of Alleppey to exploring the lush tea plantations of Munnar, Kerala's diverse landscapes provide an enchanting backdrop for a romantic getaway. With its delectable cuisine, warm hospitality, and a range of accommodation options, Kerala ensures that honeymooners create unforgettable memories as they embark on this special journey from the Garden City of India to the "Venice of the East."https://www.seasonzindia.com/tours/kerala-honeymoon-packages-from-bangalore
    Kerala honeymoon packages from Bangalore offer newlyweds a perfect blend of romance and natural beauty. Departing from the bustling city of Bangalore, these packages whisk couples away to the serene backwaters, misty hill stations, and pristine beaches of Kerala. From cruising in traditional houseboats on the backwaters of Alleppey to exploring the lush tea plantations of Munnar, Kerala's diverse landscapes provide an enchanting backdrop for a romantic getaway. With its delectable cuisine, warm hospitality, and a range of accommodation options, Kerala ensures that honeymooners create unforgettable memories as they embark on this special journey from the Garden City of India to the "Venice of the East."https://www.seasonzindia.com/tours/kerala-honeymoon-packages-from-bangalore
    WWW.SEASONZINDIA.COM
    Kerala Honeymoon Packages from Bangalore
    Munnar 2 night | Thekkady 1 night | Houseboat 1 night Starting from ₹31,000/-
    Like
    1
    0 Comments 0 Shares 8029 Views
  • Tent City Narmada: Riverside Luxury Tents for Your Perfect Nature Getaway

    Experience the magic of nature at Tent City Narmada! Nestled along the scenic banks of the Narmada River, our luxury tents offer a perfect blend of comfort and adventure. Immerse yourself in the tranquility of nature, indulge in outdoor activities, and savor delicious local cuisine. Book your stay now for an unforgettable eco-friendly retreat.

    https://thenarmadatentcity.com/
    Tent City Narmada: Riverside Luxury Tents for Your Perfect Nature Getaway Experience the magic of nature at Tent City Narmada! Nestled along the scenic banks of the Narmada River, our luxury tents offer a perfect blend of comfort and adventure. Immerse yourself in the tranquility of nature, indulge in outdoor activities, and savor delicious local cuisine. Book your stay now for an unforgettable eco-friendly retreat. https://thenarmadatentcity.com/
    THENARMADATENTCITY.COM
    The Narmada Tent City | Statue of Unity Tent City Packages
    The Narmada Tent City Booking To Stay near the Statue of Unity. We offer luxurious tented accommodations and amenities, Book the Narmada Tent City Package!
    0 Comments 0 Shares 4093 Views
  • Goa Tour Packages: Book Your Trip Today and Experience the Best of Goa

    Book your Goa tour package today and experience the best of what this vibrant state has to offer! From stunning beaches and lush green hills to delicious cuisine and vibrant nightlife, Goa has something for everyone. Whether you're looking for a relaxing beach vacation, an adventurous trek through the hills, or a wild night out on the town, Goa has you covered. Book your tour packages today.

    https://scenicrouteholidays.com/tour/goa-holiday-packages/
    Goa Tour Packages: Book Your Trip Today and Experience the Best of Goa Book your Goa tour package today and experience the best of what this vibrant state has to offer! From stunning beaches and lush green hills to delicious cuisine and vibrant nightlife, Goa has something for everyone. Whether you're looking for a relaxing beach vacation, an adventurous trek through the hills, or a wild night out on the town, Goa has you covered. Book your tour packages today. https://scenicrouteholidays.com/tour/goa-holiday-packages/
    scenic route holidays: Tour and Travel Agency in Surat
    scenic route holidays: Best tour and travel agency in surat that offers various tour packages including international tour package, goa tour package and many more.
    0 Comments 0 Shares 6004 Views
  • The Enchanting 2 Nights 3 Days Rann Utsav Experience

    Experience the unparalleled allure of the "Luminous Sandscape Retreat" during this exclusive 2 Nights 3 Days Rann Utsav, a one-of-a-kind festival where the infinite white desert of Kutch comes to life with an array of cultural, artistic, and culinary delights. Immerse yourself in the enchanting festivities that celebrate the rich traditions and craftsmanship of Gujarat, all while enjoying the luxury and comfort of your desert accommodation. Revel in the mesmerizing performances, relish the delectable regional cuisine, and explore the intricate handicrafts and textiles unique to this region. Witness the transformative beauty of the Rann under the moonlight, where the salt marshes shimmer like a luminous dreamscape. Your Rann Utsav adventure promises to be a memorable, never-before-seen experience that will leave you awe-inspired and connected to the heart of Gujarat's culture.

    Click here to know more: https://compasstourism.com/
    For Rann Utsav Tour: https://rannutsav.org/

    Social Media Links

    > https://www.instagram.com/compass.tourism/
    > https://www.facebook.com/compasstourism
    > https://twitter.com/compassdmc

    #rannutsavtourpackages #rannutsavtours #rannutsav #gujaratfestival #gujarattourpackages


    The Enchanting 2 Nights 3 Days Rann Utsav Experience Experience the unparalleled allure of the "Luminous Sandscape Retreat" during this exclusive 2 Nights 3 Days Rann Utsav, a one-of-a-kind festival where the infinite white desert of Kutch comes to life with an array of cultural, artistic, and culinary delights. Immerse yourself in the enchanting festivities that celebrate the rich traditions and craftsmanship of Gujarat, all while enjoying the luxury and comfort of your desert accommodation. Revel in the mesmerizing performances, relish the delectable regional cuisine, and explore the intricate handicrafts and textiles unique to this region. Witness the transformative beauty of the Rann under the moonlight, where the salt marshes shimmer like a luminous dreamscape. Your Rann Utsav adventure promises to be a memorable, never-before-seen experience that will leave you awe-inspired and connected to the heart of Gujarat's culture. Click here to know more: https://compasstourism.com/ For Rann Utsav Tour: https://rannutsav.org/ Social Media Links > https://www.instagram.com/compass.tourism/ > https://www.facebook.com/compasstourism > https://twitter.com/compassdmc #rannutsavtourpackages #rannutsavtours #rannutsav #gujaratfestival #gujarattourpackages
    COMPASSTOURISM.COM
    Compass Tourism: Holiday Tour | Tours and Travel Agent in Gujarat
    Compass Tourism are experienced Travel Agent in Gujarat. We offer various Gujarat Holiday Tour Packages! Book your next trip with us.
    0 Comments 0 Shares 8233 Views
More Results